She Came to Stay
Simone de Beauvoir
She Came to Stay
A Paris novel about a couple whose promise of freedom breaks down when a younger woman enters their life.
Read our takeAll Men Are Mortal
Simone de Beauvoir
An actor meets an immortal man and learns why endless life does not guarantee meaning, love, or progress.
Régine, an ambitious French actor, believes the immortal Raymond Fosca can preserve her memory forever. Fosca's account of centuries spent pursuing power and historical progress shows that life without an ending can empty choices of urgency and value.
The novel begins in the twentieth century with Régine, who wants fame strong enough to outlast her death. She becomes fascinated by Fosca, a detached stranger who says he cannot die.
Fosca's long history moves through Renaissance Italy, imperial politics, revolution, exploration, and modern war. Each project promises that sacrifice now will create a final good later. His immortality lets him see the same reasoning repeat while individual people remain mortal.
Régine meets Raymond Fosca in a French hotel and tries to make herself the one person he will remember.
Fosca explains how an immortality potion turned him from a ruler determined to improve his city into a witness moving through centuries of failed political plans.
His story challenges Régine's belief that being remembered by someone who cannot die would give her life permanent meaning.
Its fantasy premise makes Beauvoir's argument about mortality unusually concrete and readable.
Read it after She Came to Stay for a wider historical version of the same conflict between private desire and another person's freedom.
1946
Gallimard publishes Tous les hommes sont mortels in Paris.
English editions
Translations publish the work under the title All Men Are Mortal; dates and wording vary by edition.
She Came to Stay
Simone de Beauvoir
A Paris novel about a couple whose promise of freedom breaks down when a younger woman enters their life.
Read our takeThe Ethics of Ambiguity
Simone de Beauvoir
Beauvoir's clearest statement of an existentialist ethics based on freedom, limits, and responsibility to other people.
Read our takeRégine, an ambitious French actor, believes the immortal Raymond Fosca can preserve her memory forever. Fosca's account of centuries spent pursuing power and historical progress shows that life without an ending can empty choices of urgency and value.
Gallimard first published Tous les hommes sont mortels in French in 1946.
Usually not. Start with The Second Sex for Beauvoir's major argument, Memoirs of a Dutiful Daughter for her life, or The Mandarins for a novel, then return to All Men Are Mortal.