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Illustrated portrait of Harriett Williams

A character in Not Without Laughter

Harriett Williams

Sandy's youngest aunt, who resists domestic service and becomes a blues performer under the name Harrietta Williams.

What they want

She wants a life beyond poorly paid service and eventually uses musical performance to support herself.

The book

Cover of Not Without Laughter by Langston Hughes
Not Without LaughterLangston Hughes, 1930

A Black boy grows up among the work, arguments, faith, and music of his Kansas family before moving to Chicago.

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Who they are in the book

Spoiler-free

Harriett wants pleasure, decent pay, and control over her own movements. Her arguments with Hager concern religion and respectability, but also the exploitation that young Black women face at work.

How the book draws them

Appearance, manner, and tone — as the book sketches them, in our words.

  • Explaining why she quitsIn Chapter 4, Harriett lists the country club's low pay, heavy cleaning duties, and sexual harassment. Her decision to leave has practical causes that Hager's accusation of restlessness does not address.
  • Learning through performanceChapter 5 describes Harriett learning songs and dance steps from Jimboy over several years. Their evening music gives her both a skill and a form of enjoyment that troubles Hager.
  • Humiliated in front of classmatesIn Chapter 7, Harriett recalls being ordered away from her school group at a cinema because she is Black. The teacher and classmates do not defend her, reinforcing the anger she expresses at home.
  • Returning when calledIn Chapter 21, Sandy brings Tempy's note saying Hager is gravely ill. Harriett quickly dresses and accompanies him home, interrupting the life she has established away from her mother.
  • Keeping the old giftIn Chapter 22, Harriett hides her new wristwatch when Hager gives back the little watch she once pawned. At the funeral, she wears Hager's gift beneath her coat.
  • Paying for Sandy's futureIn Chapter 30, Harriett challenges Annjee's plan to keep Sandy at work. She offers to replace his wages, gives him money for books, and insists that he fulfill Hager's hope for his education.

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