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Cover of The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944 by Anaïs Nin

The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944

by Anaïs Nin · The Diary of Anaïs Nin, vol. 3

The war years in America: Greenwich Village, the hand press on Macdougal Street, erotica for a dollar a page, and the review that changed everything.

Published
1969
Setting
New York
Shelf rating
4.0

About Anaïs Nin

Illustrated portrait of Anaïs Nin
Anaïs Nin

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The story, briefly

Spoiler-free

The third volume is the American rebuilding: Nin lands in a New York that has no use for her books, assembles a life among the Village's artists and refugees, and — when publishing won't have her — buys a press and prints herself. These are the Gemor Press years and the erotica years, written for an anonymous collector at a dollar a page, and they end with the break: Under a Glass Bell, hand-set, and Edmund Wilson's New Yorker review opening the door she'd been knocking on for a decade. (A diary — the closing pages wait behind the reveal.)

The story, in more detail

No volume of the diary covers more distance between its first page and its last. It opens in exile: the Paris reputation worth nothing on the American market, the French books unpublishable, the circle scattered by war. Nin's answer fills the volume's center — the hand press she and Gonzalo Moré ran on Macdougal Street, setting type for Winter of Artifice and Under a Glass Bell page by page, publishing as a physical act of will.

Threaded through it is the era's strangest literary employment: the anonymous collector paying a dollar a page for erotica, with Nin at the center of a circle of hungry writers feeding the same patron. The diary records the arrangement with wry exasperation — 'less poetry,' the famous instruction came back — never guessing the pages would outsell everything else she wrote when Delta of Venus surfaced three decades later. Provincetown summers, the young poets, and wartime New York fill the margins until the volume's turn: April 1944, Edmund Wilson in The New Yorker, and the years of printing her own books coming to their vindication.

The full story

New York, 1939–1944: finding rooms and allies in Greenwich Village; the refugee wave carrying half of literary Europe past her table; money running short and the collector's dollar-a-page commission arriving through Henry Miller; the founding of the Gemor Press and the physical labor of the books; Provincetown in the summers; and the slow assembly of a new circle — younger, American — around the woman the Paris legend preceded.

How it ends — spoilers aheadThe final movement, ending included. Open when you're ready.

The volume closes on the hinge of her American fortunes: Under a Glass Bell, printed on her own press in an edition of a few hundred, reaches Edmund Wilson, and his New Yorker review in the spring of 1944 turns the private-press author into a discovery. The last entries hold the double taste the diary does best — the vindication she had earned twice over, and her clear-eyed note that the acclaim had arrived for the smallest fraction of what she had written.

Themes and analysis

These readings discuss events throughout the book, including its ending.

Beginning again in New York

Before New York appears, the journey makes the diary's physical weight consequential. Excess-baggage costs force Nin to leave most volumes in Paris; only recent diaries travel in two briefcases. The loss sharpens the meaning of writing during the flight. Even as distance begins to ease her distress, rereading letters and recording memories restore connections that escape cannot preserve intact. The notebooks are both imperfect luggage and a claim against disappearance: they carry selected traces of people whose future the traveler cannot secure.

An imagined arrival in Greenwich Village places Nin among unfamiliar streets as she begins rebuilding her literary life in wartime America. (Illustration — The Paris Atlas)

Making the book by hand

Gunther Stuhlmann's preface connects the press to Nin's desire for communication, not merely control over production. His account moves from publishers' refusals to her satisfaction in work that can be physically handled and measured at day's end. Printing gives a visible result to effort that rejection had made seem socially nonexistent. Yet the object is also intended to reach someone beyond its maker. The handmade book joins two kinds of recognition: the writer can see that the work exists, and a reader may finally encounter it.

An interpretive view of hand-setting type evokes the small-press labor behind Nin's early American books, including Under a Glass Bell. (Illustration — The Paris Atlas)

Why we recommend it

  1. Literary survival, itemized

    How a writer with no market makes one: a press, a patron, and a circle, recorded ledger-close.

  2. The erotica's origin story

    The collector, the instructions, the circle of writers — the strangest commission of the era, from the inside.

  3. Wartime Village

    Refugee Europe and young America sharing the same cheap rooms — a portrait of the Village at full pressure.

What this book explores

Timeline

  1. 1939–1940

    Arrival in New York; the Paris reputation counts for little, and the rebuilding begins in Greenwich Village.

  2. 1940–1941

    The anonymous collector commissions erotica at a dollar a page — the pages that become Delta of Venus and Little Birds.

  3. 1942–1944

    The Gemor Press years: Winter of Artifice and Under a Glass Bell hand-set and printed with Gonzalo Moré.

  4. 1944

    Edmund Wilson reviews Under a Glass Bell in The New Yorker; the volume closes on the turn in her fortunes.

  5. 1969

    Harcourt, Brace & World publishes the third volume.

Book editions

Hardcover
Hardcover
Harcourt, Brace & World
1969
First edition, edited by Gunther Stuhlmann
Paperback
Paperback
Harcourt / Harvest
The standard text

Reader reviews

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Recommended alongside Auletris, Little Birds and Mirages.

The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944: frequently asked questions

What years does this volume of the Diary cover?

1939 to 1944 — Nin's wartime arrival and rebuilding in New York, the Gemor Press years, and the erotica written for an anonymous collector.

When was it published?

1969, by Harcourt, Brace & World, edited with Gunther Stuhlmann — the third volume of the published Diary.

Is this where the Delta of Venus stories come from?

Yes. The dollar-a-page commission from the anonymous collector, recorded in this volume, produced the erotica published posthumously as Delta of Venus and Little Birds.

What was the Gemor Press?

The hand press Nin ran with Gonzalo Moré on Macdougal Street in Greenwich Village, printing her own books — including Under a Glass Bell — when commercial publishers declined them.

How does the volume end?

With Edmund Wilson's April 1944 New Yorker review of Under a Glass Bell — the notice that ended her American obscurity.

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References

References

The sources below include the primary text, editions, scholarship, archival materials, and other records that informed this page. They document The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944, its publication, and its place in literary history.

  1. 1The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944

    Novel
    Anaïs Nin, 1969
    Used for

    The primary text represented by this page, used for descriptions of the work’s contents and for any quoted passages shown here.

  2. 2Anaïs Nin — biography

    Website
    The Anaïs Nin Foundation
    Used for

    Used to verify The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944's bibliographic context and its place within Anaïs Nin's published work.

    View source
  3. 3Anaïs Nin Papers — diary, March–September 1938

    Archive
    UCLA Library Special Collections
    Used for

    Used for independent archival, institutional, or historical context surrounding Anaïs Nin and The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944.

    View source
  1. 4Anaïs Nin: A Biography

    Biography
    G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1995
    Used for

    Used to cross-check chronology, publication history, and the circumstances in which The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944 appeared.

  2. 5Anaïs: The Erotic Life of Anaïs Nin

    Biography
    Little, Brown, 1993
    Used for

    Used for an additional scholarly or biographical perspective on The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944 and Anaïs Nin's wider career.

  3. 6The Diary of Anaïs Nin, 1939–1944 — preface and opening diary preview

    Website
    Everand, 1969
    Used for

    Uses the Winter 1939 departure and flight, and Stuhlmann's explicitly attributed preface on the press. No complete 1942 diary, later ending or original-manuscript collation is claimed.

    View source
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Why these sources are here

The primary text is the baseline reference for every book page. Additional references document publication history, interpretation, and historical context where that evidence is available.

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